Are radiators ready for the challenges of the future: A review of advancements in radiators

Radiators play an important role in providing a comfortable and safe indoor environment while maintaining high-energy efficiency. In the perspective of future climate change with expected larger temperature fluctuations rapidly changing heat supply demand, it is required that current radiator technology adaptable. The towards lower to enable increase energy efficiency share renewable energy. Simultaneously, both demand are have more variations future. An additional concern has come into focus after experience COVID 19 pandemic prevention spread infection environments. Researchers extensively studied several innovations technologies their deployment addresses these challenges. Some solutions available literature include floor heating, ceiling ventilation radiator, stratum ventilation. used advanced modeling experimental techniques understand how deploy different types technologies. This review summarizes address challenges identifies knowledge gaps need be addressed. particular, this study explores practical issues, such as position furniture people, which received less attention literature. Research effect radiators on healthy also particular interest review.